Nws yooj yim rau roj av thiab tsoo qos yaj ywm thaum lub sijhawm sau haujlwm. Qhov teeb meem loj no raug nqi ntau rau cov neeg cog khoom, cov ntim khoom, thiab cov txheej txheem tsim lag luam ntau lab nyiaj daus las txhua xyoo. Cia saib ntawm ntau hom kev siv tshuab tsis zoo thiab tom qab ntawd cov lus qhia yuav ua li cas pab txo kom tsawg rau kev puas tsuaj rau koj lub kaus.
Yuav Ua Li Cas ID 3 Hom Kev Puas Tsuaj
1. Daim tawv nqaij
Ib txoj hauv kev zoo los txheeb xyuas daim tawv nqaij yog saib kom zoo rau kev nplawm, khawb, txhuam, thiab tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntawm daim tawv (tawv). Tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov lwm lo lus ntxiv rau qhov no: "plaub." Cov tawv nqaij dhau los ua tsaus nti tom qab lub sijhawm luv luv, uas ua rau lawv tsis tshua tsim nyog rau kev ua lag luam tshiab.ADVERTISEMENT
Nws feem ntau tshwm sim thaum lub qos yaj ywm tsis tiav raug daws thiab sau. Daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov tuber tsis loj hlob tsis nruj rau sab hauv cov ntaub so ntswg, uas tso cai rau daim tawv nqaij kom nthuav dav nrog cov tuber loj tuaj.
Cov txheej txheem peb paub raws li txheej txheem tawv nqaij, qhov twg periderm khi mus rau tus so ntawm lub tuber, pib tom qab vines tuag thiab tubers nres loj hlob. Ntau ntau cov ib puag ncig thiab cov caj ces muaj feem xyuam rau lub sijhawm nws siv rau daim tawv nqaij los teeb tsa. Ntau cov nitrogen thiab cov poov tshuaj fertility ncua vine kom loj hlob thiab, txawm tias kev pab ntawm vine desiccants, tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij qeeb.
Qee cov txiv ntoo coj ntev dua lwm tus. Piv txwv li, cov liab pob zeb tawg zoo li teeb tsa cov tawv nqaij qeeb dua li cov pob txha. Txhawm kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem rau kev pleev tawv nqaij, hmab yuav tsum tuag lossis desiccated ob mus rau peb lub lis piam ua ntej sau qoob loo kom pub sijhawm rau lub ntsej muag.
Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los ntsuas qhov teeb meem ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog rub koj tus ntiv tes xoo tawm tsam daim tawv nqaij seb nws puas "plam." Yog tias lub periderm raug tshem tawm yooj yim, tom qab ntawv koj yuav xav muab sijhawm ntau rau koj kom npaj ua ntej sau.
2. Phuam Ruam
Shatter bruises tshwm sim thaum tawv nqaij tawg ua qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov cuam tshuam. Nws yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm kev puas ntsoog thiab tawg nyob rau tuber nto. Nws tau txuam nrog kov cov hau uas tau txias thiab turgid.
Txoj hauv kev kom tsawg tshaj qhov tawg yog kom tsis txhob muaj cov av noo ntau nyob rau hauv lub hnub thiab lub lis piam uas ua rau sau qoob loo (kom tsis txhob muaj cov dej ntau dhau ntawm lub taub). Sau tsuas yog thaum tuber pulp kub siab tshaj 50 ° F thiab zam kom tsis txhob poob rau hauv cov tawv, tsis quav.
Qos yaj ywm cov nroj tsuag nrog cov av qhuav muaj cov ntsiab lus zoo li yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub doog doog. Rau cov cultivars uas muaj kev nyiam tawg, nws tuaj yeem pab tua cov qe thaum lawv qee lub cev qhuav dej.
Nyeem ntxiv ntawm Carrie Huffman Wohleb Cov Ntawv Qos Qos Cov Qos Qiv.
3. Qhov tawv nqaij dub
Blackspot doog ntshav tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev cuam tshuam, tab sis kev puas tsuaj rau cov xaim tsuas yog nyob hauv qab daim tawv nqaij. Daim tawv nqaij tsis tawg, thiab muaj feem ntau tsis muaj tsos mob ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau saum npoo.
Qhov nqaij tawv tawv nqaij tawv tawv tawv nqaij tawv tawv thaum lub hlwb puas ua rau lub cev enzymes uas hnov nrog phenolic tebchaw tsim cov melanin, cov xim dub. Qhov tshwm sim yog me me, grey mus rau dub dawb thaj chaw hauv qab daim tawv nqaij. Nws yog ib hom tshuaj lom neeg uas feem ntau yuav siv sijhawm li 12 txog 24 teev los tsim kho.
Nws kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog qhov tsis zoo rau tuber hydration, uas tsuas yog qhov txawv ntawm shatter bruise. Kev tiv thaiv ua ntej ua ntej sau qoob loo yuav tsum xyuas kom muaj lub hau dej kom txaus thaum tuav kom tsawg. Nws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ob peb hnub los thim cov raj dej hauv cov av qhuav, yog li cia ob peb hnub tom qab kev tso dej ua ntej sau qoob.
Tuber loj kuj tseem ua rau blackspot bruise ntau dua. Nws cuam tshuam nrog cov qe loj uas muaj cov ntsiab lus siab qhuav thiab yog physiologically qub lossis paub tab heev.
Qee qhov kev cog, xws li 'Ranger Russet,' muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau blackspot bruise. Lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob cia kom dhau hwv dhau hwv lawm, thiab koj yuav tsum tswj hwm av noo kom ntseeg tau tias cov dej txaus ntawm lub sijhawm sau qoob.
Cov Lus Taw Qhia dav dav
• Tso cov raj thaum lawv loj thiab muaj cov tawv nqaij zoo ua kom tsis txhob tawv nqaij.
• Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau sau cov qe thaum lawv nyob hauv thaj tsam li 50 ° F txog 60 ° F. Cov taub txias yuav raug rau ob leeg tawg thiab blackspot bruise. Sov sov yog nyuaj rau txias nyob rau hauv cia thiab yog ntau raug rau mos rot thiab lwm yam tuber-rotting pathogens.
• Ib qho dej ntawm lub hau dej nruab nrab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws vim tias cov raj dej tsis muaj kuab tau raug rau blackspot, thiab cov raj muaj dej ntau dhau ua rau tawg taus.
• Nco ntsoov tias koj yoog thiab siv cuab yeej sau qoob los txhawm rau txo kev doog ntshav. Pad conveyor saw hlau nrog cov ntaub ntawv cushioning thiab cushion cuam tshuam thaj chaw. Siv cov cuab yeej uas txo qis tuber rollback ntawm elevators thiab booms. Kho qhov ceev ntawm cov saw hlau thiab txhua qhov conveyors kom ntseeg tau tias lawv tau ntim rau lub peev xwm (qhov no txo qis yob). Zam txhob ua rau ntau tshaj 6 ntiv.
• Paub txog cov noob qoob uas koj tab tom loj tuaj thiab seb nws puas ntau dua - lossis tsawg dua - cuam tshuam rau tawv nqaij, tawg, lossis tawv nqaij doog. Cov tswv yim kom tsis txhob doog ntshav yuav sib txawv raws lawv tus kwv tij qhov cuam tshuam kev sib daj sib deev.