Kev ntxuav thiab tua kab mob rau cov chaw khaws khoom. Ntu 2

Kev ntxuav thiab tua kab mob hauv qhov chaw khaws khoom yog qhov tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kom txo qhov kev kis kab mob ntawm ib lub caij mus rau lwm lub caij. Qhov no yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv cov chaw khaws khoom uas muaj cov noob tawg vim yog lwj lossis "qhov chaw kub" uas cov noob lwj tau tshwm sim hauv lub caij khaws khoom dhau los. (nyeem ntu 1)

Kev tshawb nrhiav yav dhau los ntawm University of Idaho qhia tias:

• Kab mob Silver scurf (tshwm sim los ntawm cov pwm) Helminthosporium solani) muaj sia nyob rau ntawm cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev ua npuas ncauj thiab hauv pem teb av tsawg kawg yog 9 lub hlis thiab hauv cov ntoo plywood thiab cov hlau ntawv rau 3 lub hlis.
• Cov kab mob bacterial ring rot tuaj yeem nyob tau rau ntawm cov chaw tawv txog li 3 xyoos thiab txog li 7 xyoos rau ntawm cov ntoo.

Qhov muaj peev xwm kis tau kab tsuag ntawm ib lub caij khaws cia mus rau lub caij tom ntej ua rau cov txheej txheem ntxuav hauv qab no tseem ceeb rau txhua qhov kev ua liaj ua teb.

Kev ntxuav thiab tua kab mob kom huv si muaj cov kauj ruam hauv qab no

1) Tshem tawm cov khib nyiab ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab cov khoom txawv teb chaws. Ua ntej sau qoob loo, npaj qhov chaw cia khoom rau kev txais qos yaj ywm los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov khoom txawv teb chaws. Ntxuav cov khib nyiab xws li cov qos yaj ywm qub, daim kab xev, ntoo, hlau, thiab cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev hauv qhov chaw cia khoom. Tom qab tshem tawm tag nrho cov khoom txawv teb chaws uas pom, muab lub hlau nplaum hla hauv pem teb kom khaws cov hlau tsis huv uas tseem tshuav. Nws tseem ceeb heev rau kev ntxuav cov khib nyiab thiab cov khib nyiab uas tej zaum yuav tau sib sau ua ke hauv thaj chaw ncaj qha ntawm lub qhov rooj cia khoom.

2) Tshem tawm 1- txog 2-nti ntawm cov av hauv pem teb thiab hloov nrog cov av uas tsis yog qos yaj ywm. Kauj ruam no feem ntau nyuaj ua tiav raws sijhawm thiab feem ntau tsis quav ntsej. Yog tias kab mob silver scurf yog ib qho teeb meem tas li hauv kev khaws cia, lossis yog qhov txhawj xeeb heev, qhov no yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb los txo qhov kis kab mob. Cov neeg cog qoob loo uas tau muaj kab mob bacterial ring rot hauv lawv lub teb yuav tsum hloov cov av sab saud hauv lawv cov chaw khaws khoom thiab.

3) Ntxuav tag nrho lub chaw nrog xab npum thiab dej kub los yog pa dej, tom qab ntawd yaug nrog dej tom qab. Kev ntxuav zoo tshaj plaws yog siv lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws siab uas siv dej kub thiab tshuaj ntxuav khaub ncaws. Cov tshuaj ntxuav khaub ncaws uas muaj xab npum feem ntau yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo, tab sis lawv ua tau zoo tshwj xeeb rau kev yaj cov kua qos yaj ywm qhuav lossis lwm yam khoom seem uas lo rau hauv pem teb, phab ntsa, lossis khoom siv.

• Cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws uas siv pa kuj tseem siv tau zoo heev rau kev ntxuav cov khoom siv. vim tias qhov kub siab uas cuam tshuam nrog cov pa ua rau nws ua tau zoo heev hauv kev yaj cov khoom qhuav. Hmoov tsis zoo, cov tshuaj ntxuav pa tsis tuaj yeem cia siab rau kom tswj tau qhov kub ntawm qhov chaw siab heev uas xav tau rau kev tua kab mob kom huv si rau lub sijhawm xav tau. Rau kev tua kab mob kom raug, qhov kub ntawm qhov chaw siab yuav tsum tau tswj hwm rau ob peb feeb lossis ntau dua.
• Phab ntsa/cov kav dej; ceev faj txog cov biofilmsNco ntsoov tias qee lub tshuab ntxuav siab yuav tsis muaj lub siab txaus kom ncav cuag cov chaw siab ntawm phab ntsa sab hauv, thiab tej zaum yuav xav tau ntaiv. Cov kav dej yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom huv si thiab. Tsuas yog tso lawv sab nraum zoov rau hauv lub hnub yuav tsis ua haujlwm ntxuav kom huv si. Qhov no yog vim tias cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kab mob hauv cov qos yaj ywm muaj peev xwm ciaj sia nyob ntawm cov chaw khaws khoom thiab ntawm cov khoom siv hauv qab qee qhov.
  tej yam mob uas nyuaj heev. Lawv ua li ntawd ua pawg lossis zaj duab xis ntawm cov hlwb uas nyob ib puag ncig thiab tiv thaiv los ntawm cov kab mob qhuav uas ua rau cov kua qaub ntawm cov nroj tsuag qhuav, lossis lwm yam khoom siv. Cov qauv no hu ua "biofilms." Cov biofilms tsis yog tsuas yog tso cai rau qee cov hlwb kab mob kom muaj sia nyob xwb, tab sis kuj tseem nyuaj heev rau yaj thiab tshem tawm.
• Kev raug tshav ntuj yog ib kauj ruam kawg zoo thaum ntxuav cov khoom siv lossis cov kav dej, tom qab lawv tau ntxuav thiab tua kab mob kom huv si.

4) Siv tshuaj tua kab mob rau txhua qhov chaw. Tshooj no kuj siv rau cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim thiab tuav qos yaj ywm. Yuav tsum tau npog tag nrho txhua qhov chaw - suav nrog plenum, cov kav dej, qhov chaw cia khoom, thiab lub tsev kiv cua.

Khaws cov tshuaj tua kab mob kom ntub rau 10 feeb. Muaj ntau cov khoom xyaw uas tau pom zoo, txhua yam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws yog tias ua raws li qee cov lus qhia yooj yim. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog khaws cov chaw uas tau tua kab mob kom ntub nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsawg kawg 10 feeb. Lub sijhawm ntev no tau pom tias tua tau cov kab mob uas yuav nyob ntawm cov khoom siv thiab hauv qhov chaw khaws khoom. Tshawb xyuas daim ntawv lo ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob kom pom tias puas xav tau yaug. Ua ntej siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob, xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom tau sau npe thiab sau npe hauv lub xeev uas koj siv nws.

Xaiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob cia

Cov lus nug hauv qab no yuav pab tau rau kev xaiv thawj zaug ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Xyuas daim ntawv lo (thiab daim ntawv ntxiv) rau cov hauv qab no:

• Puas muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb lossis cov khoom siv tiv thaiv (PPE) uas pom zoo?
• Cov khoom puas muaj daim ntawv lo rau cov chaw uas muaj qhov dej thiab/lossis cov chaw uas tsis muaj qhov dej?
• Cov khoom puas muaj daim ntawv lo rau qhov chaw cia khoom thiab/lossis cov khoom siv tuav qos yaj ywm?
• Puas yuav tsum tau ntxuav zaum kawg?
• Cov khoom puas muaj daim ntawv lo rau siv rau cov chaw cog qoob loo thiab cov khoom siv xwb?

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw hauv kev xaiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Ib lo lus nug ntxiv uas yuav tsum nug thaum xaiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas tsim nyog yog hom khoom siv saum npoo uas yuav raug tua kab mob.
Porous piv rau non-porous. Ib qho chaw uas "porous" yog ib qho chaw uas nkag tau xws li ntoo, rwb thaiv tsev, lossis hauv pem teb av. Qhov sib txawv, cov chaw "tsis porous" yog txhais tias yog
ua tsis tau dej nkag, tawv thiab tsis muaj sia, zoo li hlau, iav, lossis pob zeb ua vaj tse.

• Cov calcium thiab sodium hypochlorites tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau nto xeb. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov khoom hypochlorites thiab hydrogen peroxide ob qho tib si yooj yim ua rau cov organic tsis ua haujlwm thiab yog li ntawd tsis zoo rau av thiab ntoo. Cov xwm txheej tsis muaj av thiab khib nyiab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws nrog cov khoom siv no.
• Yog tias siv cov tshuaj uas muaj chlorine ua ke, ces muab cov tshuaj no tso rau hauv pH ntawm 6.0 txog 7.5 kom nws ua haujlwm tau zoo tshaj plaws. Tsis txhob muab cov tshuaj chlorine sib xyaw nrog dej kub lossis lwm yam khoom tshwj tsis yog tias daim ntawv lo qhia tias yuav tsum ua li ntawd.

Tua kab mob rau 10 txog 15 feeb; kaw qhov chaw cia khoom rau 2 lub lis piam. Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum ua raws li yog kom cov chaw ntub nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsawg kawg yog 10 txog 15 feeb. Thaum ua tiav cov kauj ruam no, kaw qhov chaw cia khoom rau 2 lub lis piam thiab qhib qhov rooj kom cua tawm thiab ziab cov chaw cia khoom. Yog tias 2 lub lis piam
tsis yog ib qho kev xaiv, sim muab sijhawm txaus rau cov chaw kom qhuav ua ntej muab qos yaj ywm tso rau hauv qhov chaw cia khoom.

Cov tshuaj tua kab mob

Cov hauv qab no yog cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas siv ntau, tab sis tej zaum yuav muaj cov khoom ntxiv thiab tsim nyog dua rau qhov chaw uas xav tau kev tua kab mob:

• Cov kua sodium hypochlorite
• Calcium hypochlorite
• Ammonium hypochlorite
• Cov tshuaj chlorine ua dioxide
• Tooj liab quinolinolate
• Quaternary ammonium
• Cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke ntawm hydrogen peroxide thiab/lossis peroxyacetic acid.
  

Cov tshuaj lom neeg no siv rau ntau hom lag luam uas tsim los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab tsim khoom, thiab muaj ntau yam sib txawv txog feem pua ​​ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag, tus nqi siv tau, thiab seb cov khoom puas muaj daim ntawv lo rau kev khaws cia qos yaj ywm thiab cov khoom siv tuav. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tshaj lij, xws li koj tus neeg muab kev pabcuam khaws cia, tuaj yeem ua tag nrho lossis qee cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb no hauv kev npaj rau cov qoob loo tuaj txog.

Ntxuav qhov chaw cia ua ntej khaws cov noob qos yaj ywm

Kev ntxuav koj qhov chaw cia khoom kuj yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb thaum cov qoob loo raug tshem tawm thiab ua ntej khaws cov noob qos rau kev txiav thiab cog. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev.
rau cov neeg cog qoob loo ua lag luam uas tau siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob chlorpropham ua ntej lawm (CIPC) nrog rau qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov khoom seem uas tseem nyob hauv qhov chaw khaws cia. Kev qeeb me me mus rau qhov hnyav hauv kev tawm thiab kev loj hlob tuaj yeem tshwm sim yog tias noob raug rau CIPC cov seem. Nws raug pom zoo kom tsis txhob khaws cov noob rau hauv qhov chaw cia khoom uas tau kho nrog CIPC txog thaum ib xyoos dhau mus txij li kev kho mob thiab qhov chaw khaws khoom thiab lub tshuab cua tau raug ntxuav kom huv si. Ib txwm saib rau CIPC daim ntawv lo rau cov khoom lag luam rau cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb thiab cov kev txwv rau kev khaws cia noob tom qab.

Nora Olsen yog ib tug kws tshwj xeeb hauv University of Idaho Extension Potato Specialist nyob hauv Twin Falls. Phil Nolte yog ib tug kws tshwj xeeb txog noob qos yaj ywm UI Extension nyob hauv Idaho Falls.