Globodera rostochiensis thiab Globodera pallida (qos yaj ywm cyst nematodes, PCNs) ua rau poob loj hauv solanum
tuberosum . The main route of spread of these nematodes is movement of infested soil (e.g. on farm machinery, adhering to tubers). Infestation occurs when the second-stage juvenile hatches from the egg and enters the root near the growing tip by puncturing the epidermal cell walls, and then the internal cell walls, with its stylet. Eventually it begins feeding on cells in the pericycle, cortex or endodermis. The nematode induces enlargement of the root cells and breakdown of their walls to form a large, syncytial transfer cell. This syncytium provides nutrients for the nematode. Infested potato plants have a reduced root system and, because of the decreased water uptake, death of the plant can eventually occur.
Above-ground symptoms due to PCNs are not specific and often go undetected.
Cov tsos mob dav dav suav nrog cov teeb meem tsis loj hlob hauv cov qoob loo, nrog rau cov nroj tsuag qee zaum qhia txog daj, qhuav lossis tuag ntawm nplooj; qhov loj ntawm lub tuber raug txo qis thiab cov hauv paus hniav raug ceg dav nrog av lo rau lawv. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau lwm yam ua rau muaj cov tsos mob no. Yog li ntawd, cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau tsa kom pom tseeb tias puas muaj cov cysts thiab cov poj niam hluas ntawm cov hauv paus hniav, lossis yuav tsum tau kuaj av.
coj mus kuaj. Cov poj niam hluas thiab cov cysts tsuas yog pom tau rau lub qhov muag liab qab ua cov taub hau me me dawb, daj lossis xim av ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hauv paus hniav. Kev kuaj pom los ntawm kev tsa cov nroj tsuag tsuas yog ua tau rau lub sijhawm luv luv thaum cov poj niam loj hlob mus rau hauv cysts thiab tom qab ntawd tuaj yeem ploj mus yooj yim thaum tsa, thiab txoj kev no siv sijhawm ntau. Yog li ntawd, kev kuaj av yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los txiav txim siab qhov muaj PCNs.
Kev txheeb xyuas ntawm Globodera mus rau theem hom tsiaj raws li morphology yuav nyuaj vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb. Yog li ntawd, kev siv kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cyst thiab cov yam ntxwv theem ob ntawm cov menyuam yaus yog qhov pom zoo kom paub tseeb tias ntseeg tau.
Yuav tsum muaj ib txoj kev IPM los daws teeb meem PCN, suav nrog:
- Ua qauv av kom paub tias muaj PCN thiab, yog tias paub tseeb, txiav txim siab seb hom PCN thiab cov pej xeem muaj pes tsawg vim tias cov no yuav cuam tshuam rau kev xaiv cov kev xaiv tswj hwm.
- Ntev kev tig kom txo cov qib PCN: muaj cov cuab yeej PCN uas qhia txog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam, qhov ntev ntawm kev tig thiab cov pej xeem PCN
- Control volunteer (cov neeg ua liaj ua teb) qos yaj ywm
- Siv cov noob qos yaj ywm uas tau ntawv pov thawj, tsim tawm ntawm thaj av uas tau kuaj xyuas kom tsis muaj PCN
- Xyuas kom meej tias muaj kev coj ua huv uas txwv kev txav mus los ntawm av, suav nrog cov los ntawm cov graders
- Siv cov hom uas tiv taus cov hom PCN uas muaj nyob
- Siv cov cuab yeej cuab tam thiab cov tshuaj biofumigants thaum lub sijhawm tig
- Siv cov tshuaj nematicide
Yees duab: EPPO (2024) EPPO Global Database. https://gd.eppo.int
Siv: EPPO (2022), PM 7/40 (5) Globodera rostochiensis thiab Globodera pallida. EPPO Bull, 52: 286-313. https://doi.org/10.1111/epp.12836
